Few Important Question in Discrete System Simulation

Here is Few Question in Discrete System Simulation :

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The Internet Isn't Broken

The Internet Isn't Broken. It's Asleep
Futurity.org (10/20/14) Robert Perkins

In some parts of the world, the Internet experiences regular downtime, or "sleeps," periodically instead of running 24 hours a day. University of Southern California (USC) researchers are leading an ambitious monitoring project that seeks to map out these "sleep" patterns to better discern normal downtime from major outages. USC professor John Heidemann and colleagues have been pinging millions of IPv4 address blocks, which collectively represent almost a fourth of the Web, every 11 minutes for two months looking for daily patterns. "This data helps us establish a baseline for the Internet--to understand how it functions, so that we have a better idea of how resilient it is as a whole, and can spot problems quicker," Heidemann says. "We have grown our coverage to 4 million blocks [more than 1 billion addresses] as Internet use grows." He will be presenting the group's research at the 2014 ACM Internet Measurements Conference on Nov. 5. So far, his team has found that rich countries are more likely to have the Internet available 24/7. The research is continuing and Heidemann says he hopes long-term observations will help guide Internet operations around the world. "This work is one of the first to explore how networking policies affect how the network is used," Heidemann says.

Big Data !!!

More Training, Skills Development Needed for Analyzing Big Data, Experts Say
FierceGovernmentIT (10/15/14) Stephanie Kanowitz

Big data training is a major challenge, according to a recently published study from the National Academies Press. The report says students must learn how to best use big data, and some of its main points include better educating students at universities, better understanding of what goes into analysis, and using alternative methods for training. People who work in data science need a broad set of skills, including knowledge of randomness and uncertainty, statistical methods, programming and technology, as well as practical experience, says University of California, Davis professor Duncan Temple Lane. He says students should learn how to plot general questions to a statistical framework and understand the scope of sampling and biases, exploratory data analysis, and diagnostics. Some institutions offer alternatives to degree programs, such as boot camps, certificate programs, and online courses. For example, the University of Washington's eScience Institute offers a nine-week massive open online course that concentrates on the background of data science, data manipulation at scale, analytics, virtualization, and graph and network analytics. Approximately 7,000 people have earned a certificate from it so far. The National Academies Press study estimates eight universities have unveiled big data training programs this year, and the total now stands at about 30.

World's Thinnest Electric Generator

Researchers Develop World's Thinnest Electric Generator
Columbia University (10/15/14) Holly Evarts

Researchers from Columbia University and the Georgia Institute of Technology say they have made the first experimental observation of piezoelectricity and the piezotronic effect in an atomically thin material. The team used the two-dimensional semiconducting material molybdenum disulfide for the breakthrough. Piezoelectricity is an effect in which stretching or compressing a material causes it to generate an electrical voltage, or the reverse. The researchers say the advance could lead to a unique generator and mechanosensation devices that are optically transparent, extremely light, and very bendable and stretchable. The research also should greatly expand the application of layered materials for human-machine interfacing, robotics, microelectromechanical systems, and active flexible electronics. "This material--just a single layer of atoms--could be made as a wearable device, perhaps integrated into clothing, to convert energy from your body movement to electricity and power wearable sensors or medical devices, or perhaps supply enough energy to charge your cell phone in your pocket," says Columbia professor James Hone. He says the development ultimately could result in complete atomic-thick nanosystems that are self-powered by harvesting mechanical energy from the environment.

Ebola-Fighting Robots

Researchers to Meet With Aid Workers to Build Ebola-Fighting Robots
Computerworld (10/17/14) Sharon Gaudin

Robotics researchers from numerous institutions are working to organize national workshops that will bring together roboticists and humanitarian workers to discuss how robots could be used to address the needs of workers fighting the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Researchers envision robots that can be used to sterilize equipment and facilities, remotely monitor and provide human contact to those in quarantine, and assist in the dangerous and sensitive activity of burying the bodies of those killed by the disease. On Nov. 7, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, Texas A&M University, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and the University of California Berkeley, among others, will host simulcast meetings that will include medical responders, academic researchers, and commercial robotics companies. "The workshop is for us to shut up and listen to them and take what we hear them say and use it," says organizer Robin Murphy of Texas A&M. Another organizer, Worcester Polytechnic's Taskin Padir, says the goal of the meetings is not to find ways to remove humans from the Ebola response effort--most of the robots will be remotely operated--but to find ways to use robotics technology to enable human responders to manage the disease without putting themselves directly in harm's way.

The plain-looking,

The plain-looking, white device you see up there isn’t a promotional flash drive Intel was giving out to conference attendees. It’s actually a Bay Trail Atom PC that tips the scales at just 1.6 ounces.

It’s similar to Google’s Chromecast, at least in the sense that it’s designed to plug into an HDMI port, can be powered via a micro USB port, and connects to the Internet via WiFi. This isn’t just a dongle you can cast video to, however. It’s a full-blown x86 PC.

This little fella is manufactured by the Shenzen Apec Electronics, and you can pick one up on AliExpress for around $125 including shipping. That price doesn’t include an OS, but you’re free to load Windows, Linux, Android, or any other Atom-friendly OS you want onto it.

What can you cram into a PC this small? Apart from the quad-core Bay Trail processor (a 32-bit Z3735F), it’s got 1GB of RAM, 16GB of storage, 802.11b/g/n and Bluetooth 4.0, and a micro SD expansion slot. A beefier model is available with a 64-bit Atom Z3735G and 2GB of RAM, but the seller doesn’t have a price posted for the upgrade. Internal storage can be bumped up to 32GB, but again… no pricing.

The guts in here are similar to what you’d find inside that $65 Windows tablet that popped up earlier this week. As far as why you can tack on a touchscreen display, a rechargeable battery, pre-load Windows on it, and still price the device $60 less than this PC, well… in the tech game, smaller things often cost more money.

That might not be the official explanation from Shenzen Apec, but it’s certainly true in a lot of cases.

Note!!!!! OOMDP 2nd Internals Question Bank

OOMDP 2nd Internals Question Bank

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Automatic Authors

Automatic Authors: Making Machines That Tell Tales
New Scientist (10/13/14) Simon Parkin

Many artificial intelligence (AI) researchers believe one of the major breakthroughs in AI will be creating systems that are effective story-tellers. University College Dublin's Tony Veale says story-telling is an essential component of the human condition and therefore computers need the same capability in order to better understand and communicate with humans. Efforts to create story-telling computers go back to the late 1970s and the creation of the Tale-Spin program at the University of California, Irvine. Story telling is very difficult to teach to computers: you not only need to be able to create casts of characters, but have them interact in ways to propel a narrative forward without being too dull or obviously contrived. One of the keys to making stories interesting is novelty; narratives that follow convention but also do something new. However, this explicit breaking of the rules is very tricky to emulate in software. Still, story-telling computers could have numerous applications. Researchers envision a wide array of possibilities, from software aids for human story-tellers to investigative journalist AIs and video-game designers. Veale says computers that tell stories also will understand how the world works and encourage people "to engage more on an intellectual level."